Ephemeris for Physical Observations of Mars, 1898-99

Workshop on Mars Telescopic Observations

Analysis of Ephemeris Errors in Autonomous Celestial Navigation during Mars Approach Phase

A Celestial Navigation System (CNS) is a feasible and economical autonomous navigation system for deep-space probes. Ephemeris errors have a great influence on the performance of CNSs during the Mars approach phase, but there are few research studies on this problem. In this paper, the analysis shows that the ephemeris error of Mars is slowly-varying, while the ephemeris error of Phobos and Dei...

Observations of the nightside ionosphere of Mars by the Mars Express Radio Science Experiment (MaRS)

[1] The vertical structure of the nightside ionosphere of Mars and its dependence on solar zenith angle are currently poorly determined, as is the importance of two key sources of nightside plasma, electron precipitation and transport of dayside plasma. We examined 37 electron density profiles of the ionosphere of Mars at solar zenith angles of 101 –123 obtained by the Mars Express Radio Scienc...

Modeling Mars’ ionosphere with constraints from same‐day observations by Mars Global Surveyor and Mars Express

[1] We have analyzed a brief period of same‐day observations of the Martian ionosphere using data obtained in December 2004 from the Mars Global Surveyor (MGS) and Mars Express (MEX) radio occultation experiments. These data were taken shortly after sunrise under solstice conditions in both hemispheres, with MGS in the summer (northern) hemisphere at high latitudes while MEX was in the winter (...

Half a Century of Sanitary Progress, and Its Results. Inaugural Address of Session 1898-99

In casting about for a subject on which I might profitably address you this evening, I remembered that it is now fifty years since the first general Public Health Act, that of 1848, was passed. The Annual Report of the Registrar General for 1896, published this year, completes also a fifty years' record of the deaths from different causes in England and Wales; sinfce the classification of the c...